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Use this reference to contrast the AIX Version 5.1 and Solaris 8 operating systems.
The following tables contrast common tasks on these operating systems. Tasks are
grouped according to major categories that are listed below. Each major category is
contained within a table. Tables can also include location information of files or
pertinent information that is related to the category they contain.
For detailed information about the AIX operating system, refer to the
following Web address:
http://www.ibm.com/servers/aix/library/
AIX library information is listed under Technical
Publications.
This reference provides information on AIX and Solaris in the following
categories:
- Packaging
- Installing and Upgrading Tasks
- Booting and Shutting Down
- User Management Tasks
- Device Management and Configuration
- Network Management and Configuration
- Printer Management and Configuration
- File System Management
- Virtual Disk Management
- Logical Volume Management
- Troubleshooting and Additional Location Information
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Packaging
The following information contrasts AIX and Solaris packaging details.
| Units
| AIX Version 5.1.0
| Solaris 8
|
| Smallest installable unit
| fileset
| package
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| Single installable image; must be distributed and installed as a unit
| package
| package
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| Logical grouping of packages
| bundle
| software cluster
|
| Logical grouping of packages and software clusters
| Bundle offering, for example:
- App-Dev: Application Development Environment
- Client:
- Pers-Prod
- DCE-Client
- Media-Defined
| Software configuration clusters, for example:
- Core: Required operating system files
- End-User System Support: Core plus window environment
- Developer System Support: End-User plus the development environment
- Entire Distribution: Developer System plus enhanced features
- Entire Distribution Plus OEM: Entire Distribution plus third-party hardware drivers (on SPARC only)
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Installing and Upgrading Tasks
The information contrasts AIX and Solaris installing and
upgrading tasks.
| Tasks
| AIX Version 5.1.0
| Solaris 8
|
| Install packages
| installp-a
or smitty install_latest
(fast path)
| pkgadd
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| Display installed packages
| lslpp -L
or smitty list_installed_sw
(fast path)
| pkginfo
or
pkgparam
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| Remove software package
| installp -r(for applied package)
or smitty reject(fast path)
installp -u(for committed package)
or smitty remove (fast path)
| pkgrm
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| Upgrade a package
| installp -a
| N/A
|
| Verify correct installation
| lppchk
or smitty check_files (fast path)
| pkgchk
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| Install a patch
| instfix
or smitty update_by_fix (fast path)
| patchadd
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| Remove a patch
| installp-r
or smitty reject (fast path)
| patchrm
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| Display installed patches
| instfix -ia
| showrev -p
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| Install OS on another disk (Alternate disk installation)
| alt_disk_install
| Live Upgrade
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| Create an installation server for network installation
| nimconfig
| setup_install_server install_dir_path
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| Create a boot server for network installation
| smitty nim_config_env
| setup_install_server -b bootdirpath
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| Set up a client for network installation
| nim -o bos_inst
| add_install_client
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Booting and Shutting Down
The following displays processes and locations of items that are involved in booting
and shutting down a system in AIX and Solaris.
| Tasks/Locations
| AIX Version 5.1.0
| Solaris 8
|
| Boot process
| Phases:
- Read Only Storage (ROS): Check the system board, perform Power-On Self-Test (POST),
locate the boot image, load the boot image into memory, begin system initialization
and execute phase 1 of the/etc/rc.boot script
- Base Device Configuration: Start Configuration Manager to configure base devices
- System Boot: Start init process phase 2, switch to hard-disk
root file system, start other processes defined by records in the
/etc/inittab file and execute phase 3 of the
/etc/rc.boot script
| Phases:
- Boot PROM: Display system information, run POST, load bootblk, locate ufsboot
- Boot
Programs: bootblk loads and executes the ufsboot
- Kernel Initialization: ufsboot loads and executes the core kernel, initializes core
kernel data structures, loads other kernel modules based on the /etc/system file, starts /sbin/init program
- init: Starts other processes based on the /etc/inittab
file
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| Kernel modules directory
| Kernel and kernel extension modules are stored in two directories:
- /usr/lib/boot
- /usr/lib/drivers
| Kernel modules are stored in three directories:
- /platform/sparc/kernel or
/platform/i86pc/kernel
- /kernel
- /usr/kernel
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| System run levels
| Defined run levels:
- 0-1: Reserved for future use
- 2: Multiuser mode with NFS resources shared (default run level)
- 3-9: Defined according to the user's preferences
- m,M,s,S: Single-user mode (maintenance level)
- a,b,c: Starts processes assigned to the new run levels while leaving the existing processes at the
current level running
- Q,q: init command to reexamine the
/etc/inittab file
| Note: When a level from 1 to 9 is specified, the init command kills processes at the current level and restarts
any processes associated with the new run level based on the /etc/inittab file.
|
| Eight run levels:
- 0: Power-down state
- s or S: Single-user state
- 1: Administrative state
- 2: Multiuser state
- 3: Multiuser state with NFS resources shared (default run level)
- 4: Alternative multiuser (not in use)
- 5: Power-down state
- 6: Reboot state
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| Determine a system's run level
| who -r
| who -r
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| Change a system's run level
| telinit level number
| Choose one of the following:
- halt
- init
- poweroff
- reboot
- shutdown
- telinit
- uadmin
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| Startup script
| /etc/rc
| /sbin/rc run-level number
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| Use new kernel
| bosboot
| N/A
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| Display boot information
| bootinfo
| N/A
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| Display or alter the list of boot devices
| bootlist
| boot
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| Shutdown and reboot
| shutdown -Fr
| reboot or shutdown -i 6
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| Shutdown
| shutdown or halt
| halt or poweroff
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User Management Tasks
The following displays tasks and location of files or information that is needed
to perform user management in AIX and Solaris.
| Tasks/Locations
| AIX Version 5.1.0
| Solaris 8
|
| Run multiple tasks in a GUI environment
| Choose one of the following: smitty users(fast path)
smittywsm
| admintool
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| Add a user
| mkuser
| useradd
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| Remove a user
| rmuser
| userdel
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| Change a user
| chuser
| usermod
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| List users
| lsuser
| listusers
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| Password files
| /etc/passwd
and
/etc/security/passwd
| /etc/passwd
and
/etc/shadow
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| Group files
| /etc/group
and
/etc/security/group
| /etc/group
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| Process resource limits for users
| /etc/security/limits
| N/A
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| Systemwide environment file
| /etc/profile and /etc/environment
| N/A
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| Configuration information for user authentication
| /etc/security/user
| /etc/pam.conf
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| Profile template
| /etc/security/.profile
| /etc/skel/local.profile
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